These 50 Basic Mathematics MCQs cover arithmetic, percentages, ratios, profit/loss, averages, algebra, and geometry. Most repeated in NTS, PPSC, FPSC, CSS, banking, and clerk tests. The bold green option ✅ is the correct answer.
Arithmetic & Number System
1. The smallest prime number is:
a) 1 b) 2 ✅ c) 3 d) 5
2. 0 is a:
a) Prime number b) Neither prime nor composite ✅ c) Composite d) Odd number
3. LCM of 12 and 18 is:
a) 6 b) 12 c) 36 ✅ d) 54
4. HCF of 24 and 36 is:
a) 6 b) 12 ✅ c) 18 d) 24
5. The square root of 169 is:
a) 11 b) 12 c) 13 ✅ d) 14
6. 15² = ?
a) 200 b) 215 c) 225 ✅ d) 250
7. What is 15% of 200?
a) 20 b) 25 c) 30 ✅ d) 35
8. 0.5 × 0.5 = ?
a) 0.5 b) 0.50 c) 0.25 ✅ d) 2.5
9. 1/4 + 1/4 = ?
a) 1/8 b) 1/2 (0.5) ✅ c) 1/16 d) 2/4
10. The cube root of 27 is:
a) 2 b) 3 ✅ c) 9 d) 27
11. Which is the largest: 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6?
a) 2/3 b) 3/4 c) 4/5 d) 5/6 ✅
12. If -5 + x = 10, then x = ?
a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 ✅ d) -15
13. The product of -3 and -4 is:
a) 12 ✅ b) -12 c) 7 d) -7
Percentages, Profit & Loss
14. 25% of 400 is:
a) 50 b) 75 c) 100 ✅ d) 125
15. If CP = 500 and SP = 600, profit is:
a) 10% b) 20% ✅ c) 25% d) 30%
16. If CP = 200 and SP = 150, loss % is:
a) 20% b) 25% ✅ c) 30% d) 50%
17. A shirt costs Rs.1000. After 10% discount:
a) Rs.900 ✅ b) Rs.800 c) Rs.950 d) Rs.1100
18. If a number increases from 50 to 60, % increase:
a) 10% b) 15% c) 20% ✅ d) 25%
19. 20% of 500 + 10% of 300 = ?
a) 120 b) 130 ✅ c) 150 d) 200
20. 30 is what percent of 150?
a) 10% b) 15% c) 20% ✅ d) 25%
21. If salary is Rs.40000 and tax is 5%, tax amount:
a) Rs.1000 b) Rs.2000 ✅ c) Rs.3000 d) Rs.4000
22. Buy for Rs.80, sell for Rs.100. Profit %:
a) 20% b) 25% ✅ c) 30% d) 15%
23. If 40% students fail out of 200, how many pass?
a) 80 b) 120 ✅ c) 160 d) 40
24. Simple Interest on Rs.5000 at 10% for 2 years:
a) 500 b) 1000 ✅ c) 1500 d) 2000
25. Compound amount of Rs.1000 at 10% for 1 year:
a) Rs.1010 b) Rs.1100 ✅ c) Rs.1200 d) Rs.1050
26. Discount of 20% on Rs.500 gives price:
a) Rs.450 b) Rs.400 ✅ c) Rs.350 d) Rs.300
Ratio, Average & Time
27. The ratio 2:4 in simplest form is:
a) 2:4 b) 1:2 ✅ c) 4:2 d) 1:4
28. Average of 10, 20, 30 is:
a) 15 b) 20 ✅ c) 25 d) 30
29. Average of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 is:
a) 12 b) 15 ✅ c) 18 d) 20
30. If A:B = 3:5, and total is 40, then A = ?
a) 20 b) 15 ✅ c) 25 d) 10
31. A car travels 120 km in 2 hours. Speed:
a) 50 km/h b) 60 km/h ✅ c) 70 km/h d) 80 km/h
32. If 5 workers finish in 10 days, 10 workers finish in:
a) 20 days b) 5 days ✅ c) 10 days d) 15 days
33. Time = Distance ÷ ?
a) Time b) Speed ✅ c) Distance d) Cost
34. If ratio of boys to girls is 3:2 and total is 50:
a) Boys=30, Girls=20 ✅ b) Boys=20, Girls=30 c) Boys=25, Girls=25 d) Boys=35, Girls=15
35. The average age of 5 persons is 30. Total age:
a) 100 b) 150 ✅ c) 200 d) 250
36. Speed = 60 km/h, Time = 3 hours. Distance:
a) 120 km b) 180 km ✅ c) 200 km d) 150 km
37. If A does work in 6 days and B in 12 days, together:
a) 4 days ✅ b) 3 days c) 6 days d) 8 days
38. Ratio 15:25 simplified:
a) 15:25 b) 3:5 ✅ c) 5:3 d) 1:5
Algebra & Geometry
39. If x + 5 = 12, then x = ?
a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 ✅ d) 8
40. If 2x = 20, then x = ?
a) 5 b) 10 ✅ c) 15 d) 20
41. The area of a rectangle with length 10 and width 5:
a) 30 b) 50 ✅ c) 15 d) 100
42. Perimeter of a square with side 8 cm:
a) 16 cm b) 24 cm c) 32 cm ✅ d) 64 cm
43. The area of a circle with radius 7 cm (π=22/7):
a) 44 cm² b) 154 cm² ✅ c) 308 cm² d) 22 cm²
44. The sum of angles of a triangle is:
a) 90° b) 180° ✅ c) 270° d) 360°
45. The sum of angles of a quadrilateral is:
a) 180° b) 270° c) 360° ✅ d) 540°
46. (a+b)² = ?
a) a²+b² b) a²+2ab+b² ✅ c) a²-2ab+b² d) a²+ab+b²
47. If x = 3, then x³ = ?
a) 9 b) 27 ✅ c) 81 d) 243
48. The value of √(49 + 576):
a) 20 b) 25 ✅ c) 30 d) 35
49. How many sides does a hexagon have?
a) 5 b) 6 ✅ c) 7 d) 8
50. Supplementary angles add up to:
a) 90° b) 180° ✅ c) 270° d) 360°
51. Complementary angles add up to:
a) 90° ✅ b) 180° c) 270° d) 360°
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